Occurrences of aquatic invertebrates in the Antarctic and Subantarctic regions

Data Records

The data in this occurrence resource has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardized format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 770 records.

This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for download in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.

Versions

The table below shows only published versions of the resource that are publicly accessible.

How to cite

Researchers should cite this work as follows:

Gañán M, Rosenfeld S, Maturana C, Contador T, Rendoll-Cárcamo J, Simoes F, Díaz A, Gerard K, Lopez Z, Brickle P, Saucède T, Aldea C, Cabrol L, Biersma E M, Convey P, Poulin E (2023). Occurrences of aquatic invertebrates in the Antarctic and Subantarctic regions. Version 1.4. Instituto de Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (BASE). Occurrence dataset. https://gbif-chile.mma.gob.cl/ipt/resource?r=aquatic_invertebrates&v=1.4

Rights

Researchers should respect the following rights statement:

The publisher and rights holder of this work is Instituto de Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (BASE). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC-BY-NC 4.0) License.

GBIF Registration

This resource has been registered with GBIF, and assigned the following GBIF UUID: 1eb4dc17-46f3-465e-9846-94e70d15ff78.  Instituto de Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (BASE) publishes this resource, and is itself registered in GBIF as a data publisher endorsed by GBIF Chile.

Keywords

Antarctica; BASE project; Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve; Freshwater; GBIF; Macroinvertebrates; Magellanic Subantarctic Ecoregion; Ocurrence; Specimen

Contacts

Geographic Coverage

This database compiles occurrences of various taxa of marine and freshwater invertebrate species recorded in the Subantarctic regions, including the Magellanic region, the Cape Horn Reserve Biosphere, the sub-Antarctic islands of South Georgia and Kerguelen, the west and east coasts of the Antarctic Peninsula, the South Shetland Islands, and the South Orkney Islands.

Taxonomic Coverage

This dataset comprises a total of 770 occurrences from the six identified research projects mentioned in the metadata description and in the "datasetID" column of the corresponding database. Out of the total, 387 occurrences correspond to marine invertebrates (subtidal and intertidal), while 383 pertain to freshwater species. The marine records encompass the classes Polyplacophora (40 records), Gastropoda (281 records), Bivalvia (36 records), Echinoidea (18 records), and Insecta (12 records). The freshwater records are distributed among seven classes: Insecta (304 records), Branchiopoda (38 records), Malacostrata (27 records), Maxillopoda (4 records), Clitellata (4 records), Gastropoda (3 records), and Bivalvia (2 records). The marine records include species and families from 20 orders, commonly known as Chitons, snails, clams, and sea urchins. The freshwater records encompass species and families from 15 orders, with some common names being flies, mayflies, stoneflies, and fairy shrimp. The orders for both groups are: Chitonida, Lepidopleurida, Lepetellida, Trochida, Littorinimorpha, Caenogastropoda, Neogastropoda, Nudibranchia, Cephalaspidea, Siphonariida, Systellommatophora, Arcida, Venerida, Limida, Nuculanida, Galeommatida, Adapedonta and Mytilida, Arbacioida, Diptera. The main genera are as follows:

Temporal Coverage

Project Data

1. (Metadata ID: marine-invertebrates I): These project seek to test biogeographic hypotheses in different groups of Antarctic and Subantarctic shallow mollusks. In addition to generating biodiversity inventories. 2. (Metada ID: marine-invertebrates II): Phylogeography, diversity patterns, and genetic structuring are investigated to explore the evolutionary history of the species Neobuccinum eatoni, considering the potential impacts of Quaternary glaciations in the Southern Ocean. 3. (Metadata ID: Intertidal-quironomid-I-RBCH): These data are intended to provide a first description of the geographic distribution of the intertidal chironomid T. magellanicus on Navarino Island and to support future more extensive research on the distribution and ecology of this species. 4. (Metadata ID: freshwater-invertebrates I): This data aims to provide a comprehensive description of the geographic distribution of the freshwater macroinvertebrates in southern South America, specifically in the CHBR (Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve), and contribute to the knowledge of freshwater biodiversity at higher latitudes. The data set was developed as part of the principal investigator's doctoral research. 5. (Metadata ID: freshwater-invertebrates II): Integration of methodologies for inventory and monitoring of subantarctic freshwater insect diversity. 6. (Metadata ID: Branchinecta-gaini): This data aims to provide a comprehensive description of the geographic distribution of the species at southern South America, the sub-Antarctic islands, and maritime. This data set was developed as part of the postdoc research of the principal investigator and seeks to contribute to the knowledge of freshwater biodiversity at higher latitudes.

Sampling Methods

1. (Metadata ID: marine-invertebrates I): Samples were collected using two methods: a) manual collection in the intertidal zone, with mollusks being sampled individually, and b) SCUBA diving between 1 and 15 m depth, where substrates (e.g. sediments, macroalgae) were collected. Rock substrates were subsequently scraped to ensure that all species and specimens were collected. Each macroalga sample was placed in a plastic bag. After collection, specimens were kept alive and transported onboard or to the research station. Each sample was then gently agitated to detach the associated fauna. All samples were immediately preserved in ethanol (95%) to be transported to the laboratory. Geographic coordinates were recorded using GPS for each sample location. 2. (Metada ID: marine-invertebrates II): Autonomous diving. 3. (Metadata ID: Intertidal-quironomid-I-RBCH): Field work was carried out along the north coast of Navarino Island, RBCH. During low tide, different bays were visited and searched for T. magellanicus adults which could be easily observed running among the rocks and algae on the beach. When the species was found, the presence record was recorded with a GPS. 4. (Metadata ID: freshwater-invertebrates I): Habitat samples were taken at each site using a Surber net (0.09 m2) with a 243 μm mesh. Each sample was stored in 95% ethanol and transported to the laboratory for processing. A malaise trap was also placed at each site to obtain adult representatives of the organisms needed to help identify them to the lowest possible taxonomic level. Traps were placed in the late afternoon and left out overnight at each site and sampling period. 5. (Metadata ID: freshwater-invertebrates II): For each river and at each elevation, a Malaise trap was installed for 80-90 hours. The captured individuals were then transferred to containers containing 90% ethanol for transportation to the laboratory, where they were subsequently identified. 6. (Metadata ID: Branchinecta-gaini): Collections took place from the shoreline, scooping individuals from the water column of lakes, ponds and small pools using a zooplankton net at locations across sub-Antarctic islands (South Georgia), and maritime Antarctic (i.e. islands at the west side of Antarctic Peninsula, South Shetland Islands and Signy Island). Samples were immediately preserved in ethanol (99%). GPS positions were recorded for each sample location.

Method step description:

1. The step-by-step methodology details of each project can be obtained from their respective researchers through the provided contact information (email).

Collection Data

Bibliographic Citations

1. Castellanos ZA (1989) Catálogo descriptivo de la malacofauna marina Magallánica 4. Mesogastropoda. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas, Provincia de Buenos Aires, 44 pp.
2. Cotton BC (1945) Southern Australian Gastropoda. Part 1. Streptoneura. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 69(1): 150–171.
3. Domínguez E, Fernández HR (2009) Macroinvertebrados bentónicos sudamericanos.In: Domínguez E, Fernández HR (Eds) Sistemática y biología. Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, Argentina.
4. Engl W (2012) Shells of Antarctica. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 402 pp.
5. Libonatti ML, Michat MC, Torres P. 2011. Claves para los adultos de las subfamilias,tribus y géneros de Dytiscidae de la Argentina (Coleoptera: Adephaga). Revista de laSociedad Entomológica Argentina 70(3–4):317–336
6. McLellan ID, Zwick P (2007) New species of and keys to South American Gripopterygidae (Plecoptera). Illiesia 3 (4): 20‐42.
7. Nieto C (2004) South American Baetidae (Ephemeroptera): a New Generic Synonymy. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 39 (2): 95‐106.
8. Powell AWB (1951) Antarctic and Subantarctic Mollusca: Pelecypoda and Gastropoda. Discovery Reports 26: 47–196.
9. Powell AWB (1957) Mollusca of Kerguelen and Macquarie Islands. B. A. N. Z. Antarctic Research Expedition, 1929–1931. Report B 6: 107–149.
10. Simões, F., Contador-Mejías, T., Rendoll-Cárcamo, J., Pérez-Troncoso, C., Hayward, S. A., Turner, E., & Convey,P. (2020). Distribution and habitat preferences of the newly rediscovered Telmatogeton magellanicus(Jacobs, 1900)(Diptera: Chironomidae) on Navarino Island, Chile. Insects, 11(7), 442.
11. Von Ellenrieder N. 2003. A synopsis of the Neotropical species of Aeshna Fabricius:the genus Rhionaeschna Förster (Odonata: Aeshnidae). Tijdchrift voor Entomologie146:67–207
12. Zelaya DG (2005) Systematics and biogeography of marine gastropods molluscs from South Georgia. Spixiana 28(2): 109–139.

Additional Metadata