Description
This resource has 12049 event records of native and exotic birds observed between the regions of Coquimbo and El Maule from Chile. Each study site was selected because its urbanization degree. The bird sampling methodology was a standardised point count census where a person registered every bird saw or heard in a radio of 30 meters during 5 minutes.
In each study location, we perform bird counts and behavioural observations across different environments that vary in urban development. We use a standardised point count method during the early morning counting all individuals from all species observed in a 5 minutes period. To deal with pseudoreplication and spatial autocorrelation we considered a minimum distance between point counts of 250 meters, trying to maximize the number of points and recording the spatial coordinates to be incorporated in statistical analyses. Each site was sampled twice a year during the breeding season (first sample: October-November, and second sample: January– February) for two years (i.e. two breeding seasons), to incorporate both seasonal and year-to-year variation in species composition
During the field work, all data was recorded in pre-filled paperwork by the technical staff. The data was digitalized by the same technical stuff, and curator member check for inconsistencies (records, scientific names, times, dates, etc) in the paperwork.
Data Records
The data in this occurrence resource has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardized format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 12,049 records.
This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for download in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.
Versions
The table below shows only published versions of the resource that are publicly accessible.
How to cite
Researchers should cite this work as follows:
González-Lagos C, Weinberger C, Undurraga M I, Muñoz C, Piña-Espínola J B (2024). Terrestrial birds in urbanized areas of Central Chile. Version 1.0. Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES). Occurrence dataset. https://gbif-chile.mma.gob.cl/ipt/resource?r=aves1&v=1.0
Rights
Researchers should respect the following rights statement:
The publisher and rights holder of this work is Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.
GBIF Registration
This resource has been registered with GBIF, and assigned the following GBIF UUID: 9b2c5da4-e3f4-40b3-9b6f-a27817a1aa42. Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES) publishes this resource, and is itself registered in GBIF as a data publisher endorsed by GBIF Chile.
Keywords
Samplingevent; birds; Urbanitazion; avian; Exotic; Central Chile; Occurrence
Contacts
- Originator
- Investigador Principal
- Diagonal Las Torres 2640
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5679-4610
- Originator
- Curator & manager
- Diagonal Las Torres 2640
- Originator
- Technical staff
- Las Encinas 3292-3296, Ñuñoa.
- Originator
- Technical staff
- Metadata Provider ●
- Originator
- Pasante
- San Martín 73
- +56225735600
- Point Of Contact
- Investigador Principal
- Diagonal Las Torres 2640
Geographic Coverage
Central Chile
| Bounding Coordinates | South West [-35.479, -71.713], North East [-29.898, -70.632] |
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Taxonomic Coverage
All birds were identified to species level but the phylum, order, genus are also added. Scientific names are those used in Jetz et al. 2012 (Nature)
| Phylum | Chordata |
|---|---|
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Accipitriformes, Anseriformes, Apodiformes, Charadriiformes, Columbiformes, Falconiformes, Galliformes, Gruiformes, Passeriformes, Pelecaniformes, Piciformes, Psittaciformes, Strigiformes, Suliformes, Tinamiformes |
Temporal Coverage
| Start Date / End Date | 2017-01-01 / 2018-01-01 |
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Project Data
Human induced rapid environmental changes (HIREC) are drastic and widespread, often putting organisms into evolutionary novel situations. Although most species do not tolerate well these environmental changes, a few not only do well but may also become dominant and widespread. Such a dynamic in species turnover and changes in species richness may reduce biotic distinctness. This phenomenon known as biotic homogenization is important because could erode ecosystem services with significant consequences for ecological and human wellbeing. Two forms of HIREC appear central and mutually reinforcing biotic homogenization: the habitat loss associated with urbanization and the introduction of non-indigenous species by human activities. Despite taxonomic homogenization has been widely reported, the underlying mechanisms remain controversial. Besides, mounting evidences shows that species diversity influences ecosystem functions, however what determines the magnitude of its effects is species identity with their phylogenetic characteristics, which are often overlooked. In this project, we investigate whether and how the urbanization process favors taxonomic, and phylogenetic homogenization in birds due to the interplay between loss of native species (little tolerant to urbanization process) and additions of non-indigenous species by human-assisted introductions. In a scenario of increasing globalization, where most of human populations live in cities and invasive species are increasingly introduced, understanding the processes that drive biotic homogenization is crucial to develop informed strategies of adaptation to an human dominated world. Altogether, the results of this proposal are critical premises to forecast future evolutionary trajectories of an urbanizing planet.
| Title | BIOTIC HOMOGENIZATION OF BIRDS BY HIREC: UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF URBANIZATION AND NON- INDIGENOUS SPECIES. |
|---|---|
| Identifier | 111602271 |
| Funding | FONDECYT nº11160271, ANID |
| Study Area Description | Highly, medium and low urbanized study locations were selected in four urbanized areas from central Chile |
| Design Description | In each study location, we perform bird counts and behavioural observations across different environments that vary in urban development. We use a standardised point count method during the early morning counting all individuals from all species observed in a 5 minutes period. To deal with pseudoreplication and spatial autocorrelation we considered a minimum distance between point counts of 250 meters, trying to maximize the number of points and recording the spatial coordinates to be incorporated in statistical analyses. Each site was sampled twice a year during the breeding season (first sample: October-November, and second sample: January– February) for two years (i.e. two breeding seasons), to incorporate both seasonal and year-to-year variation in species composition. |
The personnel involved in the project:
- Curator
- Content Provider
- Content Provider
Sampling Methods
we perform bird counts and behavioural observations across different environments that vary in urban development. We use a standardised point count method during the early morning counting all individuals from all species observed in a 5 minutes period. To deal with pseudoreplication and spatial autocorrelation we considered a minimum distance between point counts of 250 meters, trying to maximize the number of points and recording the spatial coordinates to be incorporated in statistical analyses. Each site was sampled twice a year during the breeding season (first sample: October-November, and second sample: January– February) for two years (i.e. two breeding seasons), to incorporate both seasonal and year-to-year variation in species composition.
| Study Extent | We counted terrestrial birds in four urbanized areas from central Chile (study locations; Talca, Rancagua, La Serena and Ovalle) during the years 2017 and 2018. Point counts were located in highly urbanized and surrounding more natural areas. we perform bird counts and behavioural observations across different environments that vary in urban development. Each site was sampled twice in a year during the breeding season (first sample: October-November, and second sample: January– February) for two years (i.e. two breeding seasons), to incorporate both seasonal and year-to-year variation in species composition. |
|---|---|
| Quality Control | During the field work, all data was recorded in pre-filled paperwork by the technical stuff. The data was digitalized by the same technical stuff, and curator member check for inconsistencies (records, scientific names, times, dates, etc) in the paperwork. |
Method step description:
- Bird count method details are provided in Bibby, C. J., Burgess, N. D., Hill, D. A., & Mustoe, S. (2000). Bird census techniques. Elsevier. Field data was recorded in a notebook that is under the custody of C. González-Lagos. César Muñoz and Maria Ignacia Undurraga collected data in the field and performed digital data tabulation. Constanza Weinberger performed data validation checking the notebook and digital files in the lab.
Additional Metadata
| Alternative Identifiers | https://gbif-chile.mma.gob.cl/ipt/resource?r=aves1 |
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