Description
This resource is a report describing the identification and diversity of 43 fungi isolated from Peltigera lichen thalli (P. frigida, P. fuscopraetextata, P. rufescens, and P. antarctica) and 2 fungi isolated from Peltigera fuscopraetextata lichen substrate collected in southern Chile. The fungi were identified by sequencing the ITS marker and subsequent phylogenetic analyses, and a great diversity of ascomycete fungi was found, belonging to 6 classes, 12 orders, 13 families, and 16 genera. Only 33% of the strains were identified at the species level, 58% at the genus level, and 9% at the family level. Additionally, strains presumably belonging to new species yet to be described were also isolated. To our knowledge, this report represents the first record of these ascomycete fungi species on Peltigera lichens from southern Chile, and along with the deposited basidiomycete yeasts in this database, contributes to clarify the fungal diversity present in the Peltigera lichen mycobiome. Georeferencing was included for all specimens. The diversity of fungi found in this study highlights the importance of investigating the mycobiome of lichens, which can serve as potential sources of novel and biologically active compounds.
Data Records
The data in this occurrence resource has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardized format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 45 records.
1 extension data tables also exist. An extension record supplies extra information about a core record. The number of records in each extension data table is illustrated below.
This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for download in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.
Versions
The table below shows only published versions of the resource that are publicly accessible.
How to cite
Researchers should cite this work as follows:
Pérez Y, Serey N, Millanes A M, Lizana N, Almendras K, Orlando J (2023). ASCOMYCETE FUNGI ISOLATED FROM PELTIGERA CYANOLICHENS OF SOUTHERN CHILE. Version 1.6. Instituto de Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (BASE). Occurrence dataset. https://gbif-chile.mma.gob.cl/ipt/resource?r=fungi_pelt&v=1.6
Rights
Researchers should respect the following rights statement:
The publisher and rights holder of this work is Instituto de Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (BASE). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.
GBIF Registration
This resource has been registered with GBIF, and assigned the following GBIF UUID: 1fb0c2e5-07b3-4448-857c-d42388c1ed56. Instituto de Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (BASE) publishes this resource, and is itself registered in GBIF as a data publisher endorsed by GBIF Chile.
Keywords
Ascomycota; culture; Chile; fungi; lichen; phylogeny; Peltigera; yeasts
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Geographic Coverage
Region of Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo, Chile Region of Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena, Chile
| Bounding Coordinates | South West [-54.955, -72.028], North East [-45.529, -67.633] |
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Taxonomic Coverage
The present data set reports the taxonomic identification of ascomycete fungi isolated from Peltigera lichen identified at the family, genus and species levels.
| Kingdom | Fungi |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Ascomycota |
| Class | Arthoniomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, Leotiomycetes, Orbiliomycetes, Sordariomycetes |
| Order | Chaetothyriales, Cladosporiales, Coniochaetales, Dothideales, Eurotiales, Hypocreales, Leotiomycetes incertae sedis, Lichenostigmatales, Mycosphaerellales, Orbiliales, Pleosporales, Xylariales |
| Family | Aspergillaceae, Barrmaeliaceae, Cladosporiaceae, Coniochaetaceae, Didymellaceae, Helotiales incertae sedis, Herpotrichiellaceae, Nectriaceae, Orbiliaceae, Phaeococcomycetaceae, Pseudeurotiaceae, Saccotheciaceae, Teratosphaeriaceae |
| Genus | Aureobasidium, Calophoma, Cladosporium, Coniochaeta, Constantinomyces, Didymella, Exophiala, Fusarium, Humicolopsis, Lapidomyces, Neosorocybe, Penicillium, Phaeococcomyces, Pseudogymnoascus, Rachicladosporium, Retiarius |
| Species | Aureobasidium pullulans, Calophoma cf. clematidis rectae, Constantinomyces aff. nebulosus, Didymella cf. macrostoma, Humicolopsis aff cephalosporioides, Penicillium aff. poederi, Pseudogymnoascus aff. roseus |
Temporal Coverage
| Start Date / End Date | 2022-05-20 / 2022-09-20 |
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Project Data
This study is part of a larger project (FONDECYT 1181510) aimed at studying the microbiome of Peltigera lichens and their symbiotic roles. Specifically, this study focuses on basidiomycete yeasts and ascomycete fungi associated with thalli and substrates (i.e. soil) of four Peltigera lichen species (P. frigida, P. fuscopratextata, P. antarctica, and P. rufescens) from the Aysén and Magallanes regions of southern Chile. Two of these species have been reported as endemic to the extreme south of South America (P. frigida and P. antarctica), which highlights the importance of studying biodiversity in poorly understood environments. While the study's main objective was to analyze basidiomycete yeasts, we were able to isolate and identify a diverse array of ascomycete fungi, which is an important contribution to understanding the mycobiome of Peltigera lichens. The findings from this project could be considered in decision-making regarding the management and design of protected areas for biodiversity conservation in Chile, considering often-neglected components. Furthermore, it provides evidence of the significance of lichens as complex miniature ecosystems, which harbor a variety of microbial communities, underscoring the importance of their preservation.
| Title | Fungi associated with thalli and substrates of Peltigera lichens from southern Chile. |
|---|---|
| Identifier | FUNGI_PELT |
| Funding | ANID – FONDECYT 1181510: Selectivity for new symbiotic players in the lichenization process: novel insights into a relationship discovered 150 years ago. ANID – Millennium Science Initiative Program – ICN2021_002: Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems ANID- Beca de Doctorado Nacional ANID 2019 21190058: Fungi associated with thalli and substrates of Peltigera lichens from southern Chile |
| Study Area Description | Samples of each lichen species (P. frigida, P. fuscopratextata, P. antarctica, P. rufescens) and their substrates were collected at four sites in southern Chile, two in the Aysén Region: (1) Coyhaique National Reserve and (2) Patagonia National Park, Tamango sector; and two in the Magallanes Region: (3) Karukinka Natural Park and (4) Navarino Island, near Puerto Williams. At each site, two environmental contexts were included, grassland and forest, and each species was collected considering its distribution: P. frigida and P. fuscopratextata in forests, and P. antarctica and P. rufescens in grasslands. Samples were collected in different sampling years between 2013 and 2020. These samples are currently part of the Peltigera lichen collection of southern Chile, from the Microbial Ecology Laboratory at Universidad de Chile. The predominant vegetation cover in the sites corresponds to mature and young forests of Nothofagus pumilio and Patagonian steppe. Permits for sampling in the protected areas were obtained from CONAF (Corporación Nacional Forestal). |
| Design Description | The main objective of this project is to determine the diversity of basidiomycete yeasts associated with Peltigera lichens from southern Chile and the specificity of the main mycobiont for them. However, also ascomycete fungi were isolated from these samples. The first step was to molecularly identify the symbiotic pairs of the lichen species P. frigida, P. fuscopraetextata, P. antarctica, and P. rufescens. Once the study species were identified, we proceeded to evaluate the diversity of fungi associated with the thalli and substrates of the four Peltigera lichen species using two proposed methodologies. The first method involved massive sequencing of amplicons obtained from thalli and substrates of the four study species, while the second method involved a culture-dependent approach. Isolation was performed from the thalli of these lichen species on three different culture media with an incubation temperature of 10°C in the dark. Fungi were isolated from all samples except thalli of P. fuscopraetextata from Coyhaique, probably due to the age of these samples. Isolates were identified by sequencing the ITS marker and subsequent phylogenetic analyses. In addition to the basidiomycete yeasts cultured, we also isolated ascomycete fungi from these same lichen species, indicating a great diversity of ascomycetes that contribute to describing the mycobiome of Peltigera lichens. Phylogenetic analyses suggest the presence of several new ascomycete species that have not yet been reported and need to be described in further studies. |
Sampling Methods
Fungi were isolated from thalli of four lichen species of the genus Peltigera (P. frigida, P. fuscopraetextata, P. antarctica, P. rufescens). The thalli were washed twice with sterile distilled water and subsequently macerated. They were then inoculated onto three culture media (Yeast Malt Agar, Potato Dextrose Agar, and a minimal agar medium without amino acids) supplemented with antibiotics. The cultures were incubated in the dark at 10°C for up to 60 days. Long-term preservation of yeast isolates was achieved at -20°C using cryotubes with sterile 15% glycerol, and a dehydrated gelatin drop method at room temperature with sterile 10% gelatin was used. Taxonomic identification was performed by sequencing the ITS marker and subsequent phylogenetic analyses. For the isolates obtained from P. fuscopraetextata substrate, the same procedure was followed, except that no washing step was performed.
| Study Extent | The samples of Peltigera species was collected in Region of Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo and Region of Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena, Chile. The idendification of the yeast isoleted from the lichens was made betewen may and september of 2022 |
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Method step description:
- The thalli were washed twice with sterile distilled water and subsequently macerated.
- They were then inoculated onto three culture media (Yeast Malt Agar, Potato Dextrose Agar, and a minimal agar medium without amino acids) supplemented with antibiotics.
- The cultures were incubated in the dark at 10°C for up to 60 days.
- Long-term preservation of yeast isolates was achieved at -20°C using cryotubes with sterile 15% glycerol, and a dehydrated gelatin drop method at room temperature with sterile 10% gelatin was used.
- Taxonomic identification was performed by sequencing the ITS marker and subsequent phylogenetic analyses.
Collection Data
| Collection Name | ASCOMYCETE FUNGI ISOLATED FROM PELTIGERA CYANOLICHENS OF SOUTHERN CHILE |
|---|---|
| Collection Identifier | FUNGI_PELT |
| Parent Collection Identifier | https://doi.org/10.15468/ef76hj |
| Specimen preservation methods | Deep frozen |
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Bibliographic Citations
- Pérez Y, Serey N, Millanes A M, Lizana N, Almendras K, Orlando J (2023). BASIDIOMYCETE YEASTS ISOLATED FROM PELTIGERA LICHENS OF SOUTHERN CHILE. Version 1.1. Instituto de Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (BASE). Occurrence dataset accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-04-17. https://doi.org/10.15468/hw7k9r
- Orlando J, Almendras K, Veas-Mattheos K, Pezoa M, Carú M (2021). Peltigera cyanolichens from Southern Chile. Version 1.4. Laboratory of Microbial Ecology (Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana) - Universidad de Chile. Occurrence dataset accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-03-27. https://doi.org/10.15468/ef76hj
Additional Metadata
| Alternative Identifiers | 1fb0c2e5-07b3-4448-857c-d42388c1ed56 |
|---|---|
| https://gbif-chile.mma.gob.cl/ipt/resource?r=fungi_pelt |